Innovative Organizations in the UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Inventive Organizations in the UAE - Essay Example It likewise converged with GasCities to improve creation and increment its quality in the market across Europe and America. The firm is additionally a top imaginative association since it participates in the securing, disclosure and development of fuel concessions (Al, 238). The other top inventive firm is the Emirates Airline that works payload and traveler administrations. The organization is occupied with sports sponsorship of top football clubs across Europe, for example, Real Madrid, PSG and Arsenal among others (Wilson 32). This causes it with expanding its market base past the UAE fringes with the point of beating rivalry from Etihad Airways. The organization additionally thinks of extensive offers that favor global travelers with its nonstop business flights. Emirates Airline is a perceived brand that dispatches most recent departures from the Boeing Company to upgrade extravagance, class and solace (Wilson 56). It is noteworthy to dispatch and differentiate the items and administrations to make a qualification from the competitors’ items. Accordingly, Emirates Airlines and Crescent Petroleum are among the imaginative associations in the

External Marketing Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Outer Marketing Environment - Essay Example A firm is every now and again absent to the components that influence its future. An advertiser can grasp the showcasing condition through directing a promoting research. Associate to the earth helps an association to alter its limited time blend and perceive new chances. Sheep et al (2011, p. 110) refer to monetary, social and social, business, legitimate and political and segment components as the constituents of the outside advertising condition. Financial Environment There is not any more noteworthy part in the outside condition influencing promoting than the monetary condition. Sheep noticed that the influences the activity of an organization on both at smaller scale and full scale levels. Smaller scale level alludes to the individual organization while the large scale level suggests the more extensive industry, nation or worldwide. I. Gracefully and Demand When there is the nonattendance of government mediation and control, flexibly and request are the essential basic powers of the monetary measurement. Gracefully alludes to the quantity of merchandise and ventures dealers and makers are eager to bring to the market at given costs at a given time (Lamb et al., 2011, p. 112). Request, then again, alludes to the quantity of products and enterprises the purchasers are happy to purchase at a given cost and time. ... At the point when such a circumstance happens, there is either a lack or an overflow. In a serious market structure, when an excess or a deficiency happens, changes happen until harmony is reestablished. On account of an overflow, the cost is normally brought down to fulfill the need level in the short run. Over the long haul, either the flexibly will diminish, as the amounts offered are diminished by certain organizations making creation cuts or by different firms leaving business. At the point when a deficiency happens, an organization should cautiously evaluate whether this condition id brief or is really a market need not being fulfilled. ii. The Market and Exchange In each market economy there is a route at the market harmony cost and amount to be accomplished. The component for doing this by overcoming any barrier among flexibly and request is simply the commercial center. Commercial center overcomes any barrier between what is delivered and what is devoured, making the correct amount accessible to meet the market need (Lamb et al, 2011, p., 113) iii. General Economic Change The financial conditions in a nation and the condition of national economy change after some time. Developments and variances in the economy frequently follow designs and have been portrayed as business cycles (Lamb et al, 2011, p. 113). These cycles generally have comprised of four phases which incorporate downturn, thriving, sadness, and recuperation. Social and social Environment regarding Lamb et al (2011, p. 114), the social condition is recreated in the other four significant situations outside to the organization’s showcasing mix.â

Pics or it didnt happen

Pics or it didn’t happen As I mentioned last week, MIT is a place for talkin’. Looking at the photos from the speech competition, it’s clear that we were fully invested in our stories. The contestants, from top to bottom, left to right: Kate Rudolph, Tetrahedron Packing // Will Drevo, A Man Named King // Jeff Lin, B // Samuel Markson, A Physicists Elevator Pitch for the Real World // Charles Huang, Ice Cream Battleground // Josh Wancura, The Gas Gauge // Anisha Gururaj, Gems of Humanity // Maggie Lloyd, Julia Child // Sam Shames, Proving You Can Dream // Andrew Wang, The Three Ss // Halla Moore, Perseverance // Priyanka Chatterjee, From Generation to Generation // Bruno Faviero, Vision // Bruna Moscol, Our Essence // Jennifer Wang, Two Poems by Taylor Mali It was incredible to hear how 15 different MIT students interpreted the “Proving Them Wrong” theme, and I got a request to share more videos from the competition. I tracked down the other speech-makers from the top 3, so, without further ado, here are the videos for Anisha (3rd place overall) and Brunas (2nd place overall, 1st place audience choice) speeches: Photos and videos courtesy of Tony Eng!

Social Media Sports - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 673 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Social Media Essay Did you like this example? Social media is transforming how fans experience sports. Lets face it, what was once watched only on television is now viewed on a phone, and with the NBAs videos being freely shared on Vine, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube, theres little reason to believe well ever move back to TV. The game is more accessible than ever. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Media Sports" essay for you Create order With the rise of technology and the advancement of electronic devices amongst the youth, people like their sports and the players accessible with the tap of a button. While baseball and football struggle to speed up their games in an effort to appeal to short attention span of Millennials, the NBA already has them in masses and is dominating social media. Each NBA team has a dedicated social media coordinator to help them stay relevant in the media and stay on the cutting edge of what is considered cool. It wont be long before we start to see NBA teams beefing up their social media teams in lieu of traditional staffing. Basketball has become more marketable and watchable than football. The national anthem controversy, the resistance from the NFL to change or to be more open to having more of a social media presence, and an aging fan base are all factors that have contributed to its recent decline in popularity. The brutal nature of the sport is another reason people have stopped tuning in and parents are more hesitant to involve their children. Football has always been brutal however with the recent light being shed on concussions and CTE due to injuries while playing the sport, people are losing interest. I think the NFLs biggest enemy is another sports league: the NBA. Showboating has always been discouraged in the NFL. Cam Newton was admonished for being too arrogant when he performed his dab move in the end zone after a touch down. However basketballs grass roots culture was built on underground mix tapes, crazy seemingly not human dunks, or hitting a three point shot in someones face. They even have a separate competition dedicated just to see who can perform the most outlandish slam dunk. Football just doesnt have the same flair or cool factor, and it never will. Basketball players also dominate fashion, more specifically sneakers. The NBA is currently winning against the NFL in global popularity. The NBA is doing a better job at being more inclusive. There are currently about 100 international players in the NBA. The NBA has an advantage over the NFL. The more profitable the NBA is that creates marketing fund advantages. That means more money to develop streaming advantages which is so important in todays technology driven world and its more money to develop mobile device connectivity. The NBA has already gained that tech advantage and revenue growth superior to that of the NFL. That matters because American culture in sports and other industries will inevitably shift its mindset for the changing demographic. We are becoming more like the rest of the planet. The Census Bureau predicts that the United States will become a majority-minority country by 2043. Some will be dragged kicking and screaming. Some will never convert. But most will. As the NBA becomes more global, it will inevitably have owners and execut ives that understand the global fan base. Some of those owners and executives will be from the countries and culture that matches the global future of the franchise. We will adjust to seeing more diverse owners, more so in the NBA than the NFL and as we have already seen the globalization of the players themselves in basketball. I just dont foresee a future in which football can keep up when all the cultural factors make it so much easier to follow basketball. I believe the ratings will continue to drop, especially if there isnt two huge market teams in the Super Bowl. The NFL will always be popular, but just like baseball yielded to what is considered cool, football will eventually have to pass the torch. I think anyone over 40 needs to start adjusting.

The Things They Carried By O Brien Essay - 847 Words

Chelsea Ripley History 1302 The Things They Carried ABR Tim O’Brien’s interrelated stories of The Things They Carried recount the lives of fictional soldiers during the Vietnam War. Through O’Brien’s catalogs of the variety of stories, the working and reworking the details of his service and fellow soldiers, O’Brien is able to express the mental burden that they endure, to show the digression of innocence in a solider, and he is able to conclude a meaning for his life is post war. In the first story, the reader is introduced to the band of soldiers of the Alpha Company. O’Brien begins the dialogue from an unknown third party narrator, to describe the things the men carry; things issued like compass, fatigues (clothing), and a M-16. However, the emotional burdens that the soldiers bear have a separate weight. â€Å"They carried all the emotional baggage of men who might die. Grief, terror, love, longing- these were intangibles, but the intangibles had their own mass and specific gravity, they had tangible weight† (21). These burdens are only amplified by the soldiers’ young age and inexperience. Many men who fought in the Vietnam War were in their late teens and early twenties—fictional character O’Brien was 22. O’Brien recounts these soldiers as children, students and boyfriends who had no little to no perspective on how to rationalize killing, or how to come to terms with their comrades’ deaths. He speaks of his first encounter of death in the war, as the men shake hands withShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried By O Brien934 Words   |  4 Pages In O’Brien’s short story â€Å"The Things They Carried†, First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross thinks the death of his comrade, Ted Lavender is his fault. Jimmy Cross is only 22 years-olds, too young to take on the responsibilities of being First Lieutenant at war. Jimmy Cross’s Fascination with Martha reading and daydreaming about her letters and photos. Jimmy Cr oss is the way his mind could escape from the ugliness of the wars. In The Vietnam War, being a strong leader over the unit is impossible if theRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War was a long, exhausting, and traumatic experience for all of the soldiers and those who came with them. The Things They Carried, by Tim O Brien illustrates the different affects the war had on a variety of people: Jacqueline Navarra Rhoads, a former nurse during the Vietnam war, demonstrates these effects within her own memoir in the book, The Forgotten Veterans. Both sources exemplify many tribulations, while sharing a common thread of suffering from mental unpredictability. DesensitizationRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1457 Words   |  6 Pagespertains to everyone regardless of their background. It conveys the same ideas to people from all across our society. Lastly, a classic is timeless, which means it has transcended the time in which it was written. In Tim O’Brien’s novel, The Things They Carried, he offers a new, intriguing way to view war or just life in general and also meets all of the crucial requirements mentioned above to qualify it as a book of literary canon. Though this book is technically a war novel, many people are attractedRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1377 Words   |  6 Pageshave it as good as we do. Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried discusses many veterans who experience the burden of shame and guilt daily due to their heroic actions taken during the Vietnam War. The book shows you how such a war can change a man before, during, and after it’s over.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As I reflect on the many conflicts America has been a part of, none can compare to the tragedies that occurred in The Vietnam war. As told in The Things They Carried (O’Brien), characters such as Norman BowkerRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1242 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Tim O’Brien is obsessed with telling a true war story. O Brien s fiction about the Vietnam experience suggest, lies not in realistic depictions or definitive accounts. As O’Brien argues, absolute occurrence is irrelevant because a true war story does not depend upon that kind of truth. Mary Ann’s induction into genuine experience is clearly destructive as well as empowering† (p.12) Tim O’s text, The Things they Carried, details his uses of word choice to portray his tone and bias. Tim O’BrienRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesSummary: â€Å"By and large they carried these things inside, maintaining the masks of composure† (21). In Tim O’brien’s The Things They Carried, the American soldiers of the Vietnam War carry much more than the weight of their equipment, much more than souvenirs or good-luck charms or letters from home. They carried within themselves the intransitive burdens—of fear, of cowardice, of love, of loneliness, of anger, of confusion. Most of all, they carry the truth of what happened to them in the war—aRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien896 Words   |  4 PagesTrouble without a doubt is what First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross carried around his shoulders because he was out in war, where mistakes happen. Lost and unknown of his surroundings he had to lead his men into safety, while destroying anything they found. First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross only holds onto one thing for hope and that is Martha, the woman who he hopes is a virgin to come back to. Tim Oâ €™ Brien introduces symbolism by adding a character that has a meaning of purity and a pebble, which symbolizesRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1004 Words   |  5 Pagesafter coming home from his duty he decided to be a writer. His work â€Å"The Things They Carried† is about a group of soldiers that are fighting in the Vietnam War. The first part of the story talks mostly about physical items that each soldier carries, and also mentions the weight of the items as well. Though, there is one exception to the list of physical things. Lieutenant Cross is a character of the story, and Tim O’ Brien quickly states the how the lieutenant carries letters of a girl he loves.Read MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1169 Words   |  5 Pagesbut are set in the past and borrows things from that time period. A story that fits this genre of literature is The Things They Carried. The story is about Tim O Brien, a Vietnam veteran from the Unite States, who tells stories about what had happened when he and his team were stationed in Vietnam. He also talks about what he felt about the war when he was drafted and what he tried to do to avoid going to fight in Vietnam. The Things They Carried by Tim O Brien was precise with its portrayal of settingRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1369 Words   |  6 Pagesauthors use storytelling as a vehicle to convey the immortality of past selves and those who have passed to not only in their piece of literature but in their life as an author. In Tim O’Brien’s work of fiction The Things They Carried, through his final chapter â€Å"The Lives of the Dead,† O Brien conveys that writing is a matter of survival since, the powers of storytelling can ensure the immortality of all those who were significant in his life. Through their immortality, O’Brien has the ability to save

Disadvantage of This Method of Observing of Childeren Free Essays

Assignment task: The whole task must be completed in order to achieve the unit. You must show an understanding of diversity and inclusive practice throughout the assignment. You work in an early years setting with children aged 4 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Disadvantage of This Method of Observing of Childeren or any similar topic only for you Order Now A meeting is to be held to discuss the children’s social development. The children in this group will soon be moving to a different setting. 1. Describe the expected stage of social development of children aged 4 years and children aged 5 years The expected stage of social development of children aged 4 years| | The expected stage of social development of children aged 5 years| | 2. Consider how and why practitioners observe children in the setting: Describe ONE suitable method of observing and recording the social development of children aged 5 years| | Explain ONE advantage of this method of observing children| | Explain ONE disadvantage of this method of observing children| | Explain how observations can be used to support the development of children| | Explain why it is important to understand the pattern of development of children from birth to 16 years| | 3. Identify the main influences that may affect the social development of children| | 4. Describe how snack and meal times can support the social development of development| | 5. Write about how children’s development may be affected when they experience transitions and ways the practitioner can support children through transitions Write about how children’s development may be affected when they experience transitions| | Write about ways the practitioner can support children through transitions| | 6. Reflects on the reasons why everyday care routines are important in early years group settings| | How to cite Disadvantage of This Method of Observing of Childeren, Essay examples

Developing Products and Services System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Developing Products and Services System. Answer: Introduction: The strategy Bellamy is using for the China market is to make the strong distribution growth in China. This can be done by expanding the online and offline sales channels and network. The enhancement of the network enhances the presence of the physical stores in China (Lu, and Swaminathan, 2015). Another strategy that the company is following comprises of partnership with manufacturers that are registered in China, this is done by the company to set up their own manufacturing facility so that they can provide the products to the customers at moderate prices. The Bellamy should implement the new or improved supply chain to improve the availability of products in the physical stores. The company needs to smooth the supply chain that helps the company in achieving the objective for the Chinese market. The improved supply chain implementation will be best for the company because to create the appearance of the product on the physical stores is possible because of the effective supply chain (Fernie, and Sparks, 2014). The supply chain consists of the contract with the manufacturers such as Tatura Milk and Fonterra. As the company is willing to manufacture its own product the company requires the suppliers (Monczka, Handfield, Giunipero, and Patterson, 2015). The contract with the manufactures helps the company in identifying the best supplier for their company. The supplier will provide the raw material to the company for manufacturing the products for the company. After capturing the raw material company start with the manufacturing of the products. Once the manufacturing of the product gets complete then it goes for packaging and later on for the distribution of the product. The distribution of the product should be affected through this only the company will be able to make the product available on online and offline platforms being it physical stores or online website (Charter, and Tischner, 2017). The customer behavior says that they find it convenient to buy the products through online platf orms. This is the reason for selecting the strategy of the easy availability of the product at stores. If in case the people are not able to buy the product online they can check for the product in their nearby stores. This is the reason why a company is willing to enhance the availability of the product. The manufacturing of the product in China needs the analysis of the market of China. The market analysis can take place through surveys and personal interview. The evaluation of the survey and the interview will help the company in understanding the needs of the customers. The customer needs are must to be an analysis that helps the company in manufacturing the products. Product design is a must before manufacturing the product. After completing the manufacturing process the company testing of the product and the packaging of the product take place. The distribution of the product is the final process that the company performs. There are many online websites who invite the companies to sell their product on their portal apart from this company launch its mobile app and website through which company can provide the product to the customers. The company should provide the facility to the customers who order the product online. The after sales services enhance the customer experience fo r the product and service (Rushton, Croucher, and Baker, 2014). Implementation of strategy The implementation of the effective supply chain is must for the company. The company should bring the changes in the whole process. In the supply chain, the distribution of the products should be done properly. This formation and implementation of the strategy are done consider the strategic initiative that the company is willing to make the product available on the online as well as in the physical stores. This strategy is based on the time span of 3 years that the company uses to provide the availability of the product into the market. Key milestones Starting time Duration (months) Ending time Description Market analysis March 2014 4 months June 2014 Market analysis will be done with the help of surveys and interviews Evaluation of the customer demand July 2014 4 months October 2014 Customer demand will be evaluated to identify the needs Transporting of raw materials from suppliers November 2014 2 month December 2014 Supplier will send the raw material according to the demand of the company Design of the product January 2015 4 months April 2015 The company will design the product Manufacturing of the product May 2015 6 months October 2015 Manufacturing process will take place with the help of raw material Testing of the product November 2015 2 months December 2015 After manufacturing the product, testing of the product will take place Packaging of the product January 2016 3 month March 2016 The packaging of the product will be done Launch of the product April 2016 2 month June 2016 The company will launch the new product in the market Distribution of product to wholesalers July 2016 3 months September 2016 The product will be distributed to the wholesalers to make it available on the physical stores Distribution of product to retailer October 2016 3 months December 2016 The product will be distributed to the retailer to make it available to the end users. Making product available on online stores January 2017 2 months February 2017 The product will be available on the online stores so that customers can conveniently buy the products Delivery of the product March 2017 1months March 2017 The delivery of the product should be done on time so that it will enhance the customer experience. The Gantt chart is a chart which represents the implementation of the supply chain. This chart assists the company regarding starting and ending of the company that helps the company in analyzing the time it is going to take in the whole project (Baker, and Trietsch, 2013). The maximum time taken by the company is in the manufacturing of the product. Definitely, the product manufacturing is a most important process for the company. Measuring strategic initiatives The company should measure the strategy implementation to analyze the success of the plan, for measuring the strategic company should use balanced scorecard and strategy map. The measurement of the strategy is done by the company with the help of this two method and with the help of these strategy company will be able to identify the loopholes in the strategy of the company (Galliers, and Leidner, 2014). Once the loopholes will identify the company will be able to remove the hindrance. The balanced scorecard is the framework which is used by the company to measure the strategic success or failure. This scorecard consists of the 4 strategic perspectives that include finance, learning and growth, customer and internal business process (Cooper, Ezzamel, and Qu, 2017). Below image explains the concept of the balanced scorecard framework that is used by the company. This perspective helps Bellamy's company to measure the achievement of the strategy in the Chinese market. The table below the image consists of the goals, objectives and the measurement of the each of 4 perspectives of the Bellamy's for the Chinese market (Coe, and Letza, 2014). Perspectives Goals Objectives Measurements Customer Easy and convenient availability of the product will enhance the customer satisfaction. The company should make the product available on the physical as well on the online store. The company is willing to decrease the time from order booking to delivery of the product (Sainaghi, Phillips, and Corti, 2013). The company took the help of the online store to make the product available to the customers. The company delivered the entire product on time that reduces complaints of the company and helps the company in enhancing the customer satisfaction. Internal business In China, the company is willing to perform the effective distribution and was willing to manufacture the products in China itself. The company is willing to enhance the distribution network so that the availability of the product will increase. The company wants to bring the reduction in the cycle time so that the company will be able to accomplish the process as soon as possible. The strategic plan of the company helps the company in decreasing the cycle time of the company. The company performs tie-up with the different network (Tjader, May, Shang, Vargas, and Gao, 2014). Innovation and Learning Innovation is helpful in designing the product for the manufacturing. Product designing opens the ways for the manufacturing of the product (Perkins, Grey, and Remmers, 2014). In China, the company manufactures the product considering the demand of the customers. The company should reduce the time in designing the product so that manufacturing process will take place because launching the new product in the Chinese market is a very time-consuming process. The availability of the innovative products that fulfill the expectation of the customers will enhance the sales of the company. The company will be able to make the space in the market for their organic products. Financial The company needs to take care of the investment that they are going to make in the whole process. The effective management of the process will reduce the cost of the process (Wu, and Liao, 2014). The moderate prices and easy availability of the product attract the customers towards the organic products that enhance the revenue of the company. The company makes sure that they accomplish the process effectively and efficiently that helps the company in reducing the cost of the production. Moderate price will help the company in enhancing the market share. Strategy map The strategy map is the second measure that is used by the Bellamy's to measure the outcome of the success of the strategy in the Chinese market. The strategy map is the updated generation of the balanced scorecard. The map indicates the primary strategic goals that are adopted by the administration of the company. The strategy map is helpful for the managers of the company because they can check all the information in the single go (Quezada, and Lpez-Ospina, 2014). The Bellamys company will be able to achieve the goals and objectives of the company when the managers of the company will get all the details easily. The strategy map consists of the 4 goals such as finance, innovation, customer satisfaction or experience and the internal business processes. The image shows the connecting arrows that reflect the causal relationship of the strategic goals. The arrows in the image show a connection with the each perspective. The Bellamys actions in the Chinese market are connected with each other. Design of the products is must for the company to perform the manufacturing activities of the product. The manufacturing of the product will take place once the design of the product will be accomplished (Sivaraman, Al Balushi, and Rao, 2014). For designing the product the company needs to take the help of the innovative ideas. The innovative ideas lead to the effective designing of the product. Distribution of the product comes under the internal process of the business that helps the company in enhancing the product availability in the physical stores as well as on the online stores. Effective Distribution enhances the availability of the products and the services. Distribution is linked with the customer perspective according to the strategy map. Availability of the product with the quality and price leads to the improvement in the cost structure of the company (Gomes, Romo, and Caldeira, 2013). References Baker, K.R. and Trietsch, D., 2013, Principles of sequencing and scheduling. John Wiley Sons. Charter, M. and Tischner, U. eds., 2017, Sustainable solutions: developing products and services for the future. Routledge. Coe, N. and Letza, S., 2014, Two decades of the balanced scorecard: A review of developments. The Poznan University of Economics Review, 14(1), p.63. Cooper, D.J., Ezzamel, M. and Qu, S.Q., 2017, Popularizing a management accounting idea: The case of the balanced scorecard. Contemporary Accounting Research. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014, Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014, Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Gomes, J., Romo, M. and Caldeira, M., 2013, The benefits management and Balanced Scorecard strategy map: how they match. International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance (IJITBAG), 4(1), pp.44-54. Lu, L.X. and Swaminathan, J.M., 2015, Supply chain management. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015, Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Perkins, M., Grey, A. and Remmers, H., 2014, What do we really mean by Balanced Scorecard?. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(2), pp.148-169. Quezada, L.E. and Lpez-Ospina, H.A., 2014, A method for designing a strategy map using AHP and linear programming. International Journal of Production Economics, 158, pp.244-255. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. and Baker, P., 2014, The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Sainaghi, R., Phillips, P. and Corti, V., 2013, Measuring hotel performance: Using a balanced scorecard perspectives approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, pp.150-159. Sivaraman, I., Al Balushi, A. and Rao, D.H., 2014, Application of Balanced Score Card (BSC), Strategy Map and Key Performance Indicators (KPI)-for an Engineering college in Oman. Asian Journal of Education and e-Learning (ISSN: 23212454), 2(01). Tjader, Y., May, J.H., Shang, J., Vargas, L.G. and Gao, N., 2014, Firm-level outsourcing decision making: A balanced scorecard-based analytic network process model. International Journal of Production Economics, 147, pp.614-623. Wu, W.Y. and Liao, Y.K., 2014, A balanced scorecard envelopment approach to assess airlines' performance. Industrial Management Data Systems, 114(1), pp.123-143.

Stalin Essays (1680 words) - Old Bolsheviks, Politics, Communism

Stalin Stalin Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili was an unkown man in the small town of Gori, Georgia. After years of revoulutionary activity and many times exiled to Siberia, he changed his name. A name that would threaten the Germans, ally with the Americans, and help the North Koreans. A name that came from the Russian word for steel, Joseph Stalin (Nash 2836). Joseph Stalin was born on 21 December 1877 to Ekaterina Georgievna and Vissarion Ivanovitch Dzhugashvili (Block 790). Vissarion, Stalin's father, was a drunkered and very cruel to his young son. Ekaterina, Stalin's mother, was a washer women to support the family. The first three of Vissarion and Ekaterina's kids had died shortly after their birth, so Stalin grew up as an only child. When Stalin was still a young boy he got small pox, which left his face scared forever. His first school was a litlle church school in Gori (Marrin 825). Gori was full of socialist movements and the Czarist goverment wanted to educate priests to fight the revoulutionary ideas. Stalin's mother, therefore, a dedicated member of the Orthodox Church, entered her son into the Seminary at Tifilis (Block 790). He entered the school in 1894 for the study of priesthood in the Georgian Orthodox Church (Marrin 825) and on the birthday of Czar Alexander III, Stalin sung a solo in an Orthodox Church (Block 790). Soon Marixist ideas reached him. He knew little about Marx's theroies and the revoulution, but never the less it amazed him. He soon started to get involved (Marrin 825). He joined the forbidden revolutionary moment when he was fifteen and three years later he was secretly leading a Marxist circle (Block 790). In May of 1899, he was expelled from the school for missing an examination (Marrin 825) but Offcial Communist literature says that he was expelled for "political balance". He soon joined the Tiflis branch of the Russian Social-Democratic Wrokers' Party and it was not long before he was a professional agitator. In 1900 and 1901 he led strikes and demostrations in Tifilis and Batum (Block 791). In 1901 the Czar's secret police searched Stalin's room but he had gone and joined the underground movement that was springing up throughout Russia. He worked for a number of newspapers and on September of 1901 he offically became accepted into the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Marrin 825). Stalin was arrested and exiled to Eastern Siberia, seven times between April 1902 and March 1913, for revoulutionary activity. He escaped numerous times to come back and wreak havack upon the Czarist goverment (Nash 2836). In late 1905, he traveled as a Caucasian delegate to the secret Boleshevik conference in Finland. It was there that he first met Lenin, later on he started to carry out orders for Lenin. Stalin soon became Lenins most trusted lieutenants, he also became good at raising money for the Party. He supposedly helped with the seccessful attack on the Tifilis bank convoy (Block 791). He wrote articles for newspapers such as the Zvesda (The Star) and Pravada (The Truth). Some say it was about this time when he started calling himself Joseph Stalin (Block 791). In 1914 Germany declared war on Russia and France. World War I had erupted. Stalin was in exile were he stayed until 1917. Russia was suffering badly and many people were starving. Riots and demonstrations broke out through the cities and on March 15, 1917 Czar Nicholas III gave up his throne to a provisional goverment mostly lead by Mensheviks (Marrin 826). The provisional goverment freed all political prisoners (Block 791). Stalin returned to Petrograd to help direct the Bolsheviks before Lenin's return from Switzerland. When Lenin returned he opoosed the new goverment and again began to lead a revoulution with Stalin supporting him the whole way. While Lenin and other revoulutionaries were forced to live underground, Stalin stayed in Petrograd. Where he helped oraganize a coup which would take place on October 25, 1917 (Block 791). Lenin then launched a radical progam to overthrow the Provisional Goverment. Then on the month of October, on the old Russian calender, the Bolsheviks siezed power and took over the provisional goverment. This take over is often called the October Revoulution (Marrin 826). The new goverment, headed by Lenin, expirenced some small uprisings which grew into a civil war (Marrin 826). After a small dispute with Trotsky, Stalin was given an independent command, of some troops, and drove Kenikin's troops back to the Black Sea. He was given the Order of the Soviet Banner, which is the highest military distinction in all of Russia. He also led his troops to many other victories (Block

don essays

don essays What is your first thought that comes to mind when someone says Princess Diana or Diana, Princess of wales? First, maybe tragedy, love or maybe even scandal comes to mind. I am going to try to tell you a little about her and her life. Princess Diana was born to frances roche daughter of a Baron. She was born on July 1, 1961. She was born in Sandringham Northfolk, England. She had 2 older sisters Sarah and Jane Spencer and one Brother Charles. They lived a life of luxury spending their early years at a park house, a 10 room mansion on the queens country estate in Sandringham Northfolk England, where Diana was born. The boy next door was her future husband Charles. He was 12 years older then her so she played with other royal children her age like his brother Prince Andrew and Edward. Dianas privileged upbringing didnt guarantee her a happy childhood. In 1969 her parents dragged all the children thru a bitter divorce. She and her brother charles were being pulled back and forth thru their parents problems. Dianas father Earl Spencer won the custody battle of the children so when Diana was 13 she and her brother and sisters moved to the Spencer family home a 14,000 acre country estate 75 miles north of London. At age 16 Diana and charles paths crossed once again. He was 28 and she 16. 2 years later at age 18 she moved to London and found work first as a nanny and then as a kindergarten teacher. Then in the summer of 1980 a phone call came that would begin to change her life forever. It was Prince Charles asking her for a date. She watched the Prince play polo and spent time with him on the royal yact. Soon Diana was officially seeing him this meant dealing with the press. Can you imagine everytime you came out of the having 20 or 30 cameras flashing in your face? But no matter what she did the press just couldnt get enough of her. Just six months after their polo outing Charles proposed to Diana after a candle ...

Utopia and Sonnets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Utopia and Sonnets - Essay Example Regarding the men folk, the Utopians recommended that they should be four years older than the women at the time of their marriage. Utopians were so strict about keeping morality in married as well as familial relationship that they never allowed any kind of illegal relationship prior to marriage, and if there occurred any offending, they persecuted the trespassers. One is thunderstruck when realizing the reality that such kind of offenders were forbidden ever after in their life to marry, and they were forgiven only at the prince’s mercy. If the offence was among the married people, or if it was a forcible seduction, the punishment was so severe. There was possibility for the couples to return to their former life after being felt repentance over their actions. They followed monogamy that one has to keep his wife in pleasure as well as in displeasure and he could part with her only with death, except adultery break the bond. If both husband and the wife are accused, it was th e license of the council to decide the proper. One feels their custom of choosing husbands and wives as absurd that women had to show her nakedness to the wooer. Regarding the Utopians, they had given due importance to this custom and they mocked at other nations and their customs. To the Utopians, it was their ritual which they observed for identifying the physical and moral strength and weakness of their future life partner, â€Å"and the endowments of the body causes the virtues of mind more to be esteemed and regarded†(Of Wedlock, p.91-92). One of the notable features of the Utopian society was that they allowed divorce with the full consent of the couples and they could marry others. To conclude, one can infer that though some of the rules existed in Utopia with regard to marriage was absurd, some others are acceptable even in the modern society. Elizabethan prose has always attracted the attention of many that it was rich in its form and content.  

Failed states Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8500 words

Failed states - Case Study Example political goods' for its citizens (nil capacity)'Sovereign territorial state that is no longer sovereign in areas that it claims to rule'Claimants to rule fail to exercise clear priority over other groups in territories". No laws, violence throughout, the disappearance of law, education, healthcare, and border control, and political conflicts are ways that we typically measure state failure. Central state authority does not exist, or has failed, for years. "State failure is a new label that encompasses a range of severe political conflicts and regime crises exemplified by macro-societal events such as those Failed States 4 that occurred in Somalia, Bosnia, Liberia, and Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire) in the 1990s ("Rebuilding Failed & Defeated States, n.d.). Other factors that are included in the measurement of a failed state are civil conflicts, conflicts amongst other countries, high infant deaths, types of regime, quality of life, material possessions/things, low trade, and the well being of its citizens. After analyzing the literature, it seems that the centre of the definition of a failed state is a failing internal structure. Having looked in the dictionary and the encylycopaedia, the meaning for failed states is not clear. Whilst there are many opinions, definitions, and literature on the topic, the definition and causes of a failed state cannot be so clearly stated or defined. It is rather complex. Grant (2004) declares, "'The predicate question-what is a 'failed state''-by no means lends itself to an easy answer. Like many questions involving statehood and international relations, the question of the failed state becomes more complicated the further one moves from the...This would be akin to a focus on WW2's endgame (Hiroshima) while ignoring everything that went on between 1939 and 1945. Failed states provide unrestricted training grounds for multiple global guerrilla groups. They offer numerous financial opportunities (for example, half of Afghanistan's GDP is opium -- in contrast to the anti-drug Taliban). Global guerrillas are unbounded by rogue state policies and are free to innovate. Internal violence can accelerate recruitment and the development of tactical innovations. Unrestricted borders allow global guerrillas to infiltrate adjacent states (and given ubiquitous air transportation, everywhere in the world). Failed states will provide the perfect platforms for the destabilization of Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Egypt. Failed states have simply done just that, which is failed. They have proven not to be successful, have proven to be sufficient and lacking, and have declined. Many so-called failed states have not met this description and have not Weak states have these, or some of these in place but are simply that-weak. They have not proven failure and lack of success. It is not done and finished with weak states. Therefore, if you really look at "failed" states, they are actually weakened.

Exploring the contribution of forensic science

Exploring the contribution of forensic science Forensic psychology has proven itself to be a quite intriguing field of study. From serial killers to child custody cases, the work of a forensic psychologist is involved. Forensic psychology is the intersection between the field of psychology and the legal system (Huss, 2001). Or, as defined by the American Board of Forensic Psychology (ABFP), [forensic psychology] is the application of the science and profession of psychology to questions and issues relating to law and the legal system (ABFP, 2010). This profession is not restricted to just one area of the legal system; in fact it contributes to the subspecialties of corrections, civil court, investigations, criminals, juveniles, and police. The purpose of this paper is to explain the roles and responsibilities a forensic psychologist has in each subspecialty, review court cases and research relative to the area, and discuss ethical dilemmas/ challenges and controversial issues forensic psychologists may encounter. Note: Throughout the text the terms forensic psychologist and psychologist are used interchangeably to describe the profession Introduction Criminal Criminal psychologists can be found in various settings with a wide array of roles and responsibilities. Aside from studying criminal behavior, criminal psychologists work with the police departments assisting with investigations, giving advice on how to conduct interviews with suspects and witnesses, they provide their services as an expert witness, aid in the process of rehabilitating an offender, and continuously research developments related to their field (Bull, Hatcher, Cooke et al, 2009). In the case of Jenkins v. U.S., 1962, it was ruled that a medical degree was no longer a requirement for an expert witness and that with the proper training and level of expertise a psychologist could now testify on issues relating to mental disorders. However in the role of an expert witness there are a couple challenges that appear which are attorney contracted psychological services and the admissibility of expert testimony in court proceedings. During a court proceeding a criminal psychologist may be called upon to give their expert opinion about a matter related to the case. The purpose of an expert testimony is either to explain or give information to help in either the jury or judges decision making and is related to the psychologists area of expertise (Shuman Greenburg, 2003). According to the Federal Rule of Evidence (Fed. R. Evid.) 702 If scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education, may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise, if (1) the testimony is based upon sufficient facts or data, (2) the testimony is the product of reliable principles and methods, and (3) the witness has applied the principles and methods reliably to the facts of the case. In cases when a psychologist is asked to be an expert witness by an attorney who is requesting information to defend his or her client, problems may arise. An attorney seeks out a psychologist to provide expert testimony and evidence that will benefit the case of their client, not the opposing side. However, a psychologist is ethically responsible for providing an unbiased opinion or delivery of facts regardless of which attorney contracted their services. The pressure to be loyal to the attorney that has contracted the psychologists services causes a problem for those psychologists who uphold the integrity of the profession. When caught in a situation where the findings of the psychologist are not aligned with the goals of the attorney, the psychologist can either give a testimony that is altered to fit the requests of the attorney and risk civil liabilities and ethical complaints, or they can report the facts and risk not being called upon again. Although it is a true dilemma to de cide which direction to take as a professional, upholding individual integrity and that of the profession is vitally important. Based on the responsibilities outlined in the Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists (1991), forensic psychologists should make a reasonable effort to provide their services in a manner that is responsible and forthright. When a the services of a psychologist are requested, they should be upfront about their position to be unbiased and only report the facts regardless of the outcome. Another challenge that surfaces with expert testimony given by a psychologist is its admissibility in court. As mentioned earlier in the Fed. R. Evid. 702, an expert testimony may be utilized if it is based on sufficient facts or data. The facts and data are what determine the reliability of the experts testimony. This becomes a factor when it must be determined whether the information presented should be admitted as evidence in the court proceeding. Prior to the case of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc.(1993) in order for an experts evidence to be admitted in court it must follow the rule of general acceptance, which meant the evidence must have been obtained using scientific techniques that were generally accepted in the scientific community (Bartol Bartol, 2008). With the ruling in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. it is now left to the discretion of the judge to determine whether experts evidence should be admitted. For a psychologists is becomes a challenge to convince the judge that the information they are presenting is both valid and reliable. As a safeguard, psychologists should disclose the sources of all of the information used to form their testimony (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists, 1991). Aside from the challenges criminal psychologists face as an expert witness, they also must address the controversial issue of whether offenders can be rehabilitated. The Bureau of Justice Statistics reported a study that looked at the level of recidivism of a group of prisoners released between 1983 and 1994. What they found was that a high percentage of these individuals were re-arrested (Beck Shipley, 1997; Langan Levin, 2002). With high numbers of released prisoners returning to the prison or criminal justice system, the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs is questionable. Research is still being done on what causes crime and what type of psychological effects do prisoners experience while incarcerated (Benson, 2003). Hopefully with a better look into what leads a person to commit a crime, better ways to rehabilitate them will be developed. Juvenile There are two themes that govern the juvenile justice system which are the welfare of the juvenile offender and public safety (MacArthur Foundation research Network on Adolescent Development and Juvenile Justice). The forensic psychologist in this specialty adheres to these themes in their roles and responsibilities to conduct assessments, evaluate competence, and provide therapy (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Forensic psychologists may be called upon to assess a juveniles level of threat to society, whether they are competent to make certain decisions, and decide what type of treatment can be offered to them (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Working with juveniles is not the same as working with an adult population. One ethical dilemma that comes about when working with juveniles is whether the psychologist has sufficient competence for working with juveniles if they have only assessed adults. Outlined in the Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists (1991) under competence, it states a forens ic psychologist should only provide services in areas that they either have specialized knowledge, education, experience or skill. Psychologists must be very careful when assessing juveniles because they do not present the same behaviors as adults; some of these behaviors may be misinterpreted by the assessor if they have no knowledge of juvenile assessments (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Assessment is a very important part of the juveniles dealings with criminal justice system, so a psychologist should make every effort to ensure they are competent in this area prior to providing services. When approached about providing services as a juvenile assessor, the forensic psychologist should be honest about their limitations in competence and either make an effort to become knowledgeable about the area, or decline the request (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists, 1991). Dual relationships also pose an ethical challenge for forensic psychologists in this area of specialty. Forensic psychologists should avoid the role of both evaluator and treatment provider (Bartol Bartol, 2008). This is an issue because as an evaluator, the forensic psychologist is contracted with the court, who is the client. Which means the forensic psychologist must warn the individual of the limits to confidentiality. In the role of the therapist, the client is the individual patient and there is some protection of confidentiality under patient-therapist privilege. In the case of Jaffe v. Redmond (1996) the U.S. Supreme court supported confidentiality in federal courts. It is best practice to avoid dual roles. If the two roles must be combined, there should be an effort to avoid any negative effects to the individual client (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists, 1991). Levels of juvenile cognitive skills and adjudicative competence are issues that are still being debated in the juvenile justice system. The MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Adolescent Development and Juvenile Justice define competence as ones ability to understand the processes associated with the trial, aid the attorney, and make important decisions. However, research has found that a number of juveniles 15 and under have mental competency scores similar to adults with serious mental disorders (MacArthur Foundation). Which means juveniles are not capable of making reasonable decisions related to waiving their constitutional rights, confessions, and plea bargains (Mac Arthur Foundation)The goal of the juvenile justice system has been to rehabilitate offenders so that they can eventually lead healthy lives as adults, without much focus on their competency to understand the justice system (Viljoen Wingrove, 2007). The belief is that juveniles should be assessed based on their levels of development, not the standard of the justice system which is geared towards adults because some developmental issues may not be detected (Ryba, Cooper, Zapf, 2003). The decision whether a defendant should be transferred from juvenile court to criminal court is an issue that is still being worked out in the justice system. In the case of Kent v. United states (1966) where 16-year-old Morris Kent, after confessing to his crimes, was transferred to criminal court and found guilty of housebreaking and robbery, and not guilty by reason of insanity for rape. Kents attorney argued that Kents case should have remained in juvenile court because he would have had a better chance of rehabilitation than in criminal court where he was sentenced to 30 to 90 years in a mental institution (Kent v. United States, 1966). Even today research is still being done on whether juveniles have adjudicative competence and if they should be transferred to criminal courts. Civil The Civil Court is primarily designed to handle private disputes between individuals or organizations (Britannica Online Encyclopedia, 2010). The major roles of the forensic psychologist in the civil court setting are those of an assessor and evaluator. Forensic psychologists may be called upon to assess emotional factors related to traumatic or personal injury litigations; assessment of psychological factors in relation to harassment, discrimination, and workers compensation disability, as well as post-mortem assessments and competency evaluations (Franklin, 2006). Forensic psychologists are also called upon in family courts to complete child custody evaluations (Franklin, 2006). Child custody evaluations conducted by psychologists tend to bring up some ethical concerns. An unresolved controversial issue in this subspecialty is that there is currently no standard practice when conducting child custody evaluations (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Many psychologists choose to use several forms of psychological testing as means to determining child custody in response to the American Psychological Associations (APA) (1994), request that there should be several methods for collecting data (Bow Quinnell, 2001). The issue with the psychological tests used is that there is no empirical evidence to support it (Bow Quinnell, 2001). To ensure adherence to the APA guidelines, the psychologists should use several techniques to conduct evaluations such as interviews, self-report studies, and psychological testing (Bartol Bartol, 2008). If a forensic psychologist is called upon to conduct a mental evaluation of a victim in sexual harassment suit, it is important that the psychologist thoroughly explain the potential use of the information gained. Informed consent now becomes an issue in this case because the victim must reveal personal information regarding their past sexual history during the evaluation (Bartol Bartol, 2008). The APA state in the Ethical Principles Psychologists and Code of Conduct section 3.10(c) When psychological services are court ordered or otherwise mandated, psychologists inform the individual of the nature of the anticipated services, including whether the services are court ordered or mandated and any limits of confidentiality, before proceeding. This can become a challenge for a forensic psychologist if the victim does not fully understand the limits of confidentiality in this situation. The forensic psychologist should take special care to explain to the client, in language they underst and, that the information provided may be used in the courtroom. By doing this the psychologist is making an effort to reduce the potential for more harm to the client. One of the most controversial issues in this area of forensic psychology is physician-assisted suicide. Physician-assisted suicide takes place when a competent individual requests that a physician prescribe a medication that will aid them in ending their life. The role of the psychologist is to determine whether or not the individual is competent to make such a decision. The state of Oregon, in 1997, enacted its Death with Dignity Act which allows for physician-assisted suicide (Oregon State). The debate on whether other states will join Oregon is ongoing, as well as the research on the responsibilities of the forensic psychologist in this role (Bartol Bartol, 2008). The case of Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc (1993) is pivotal in this subspeciality because of the forensic psychologists role as an expert witness in civil cases. Research is still being done on how the Daubert standard affects the admissibility of expert testimony given by forensic psychologists (bartol Bartol, 2008). Investigative The work of the investigative forensic psychologist may be the most popular because of the media hype over the role of criminal profiling. In the case of U.S. v. Sokolow (1989) a form of profiling was used to make an arrest based on the behavioral characteristics of drug dealers. Criminal profiling methods have been around long before the gained popularity in the media. Actually, forensic psychologists have a few other roles and responsibilities dealing with investigations besides criminal profiling. Forensic psychologists use a variety of techniques to link a suspect to a crime. They study the crime scene to get a better understanding of the physical and verbal behaviors of the suspect (Woodham, Hollin, Bull, 2007); they also use geographical profiling to determine the territory of a serial offender (Bartol Bartol, 2008). This information is then used to narrow down the list of possible suspects put of a larger population. Psychological autopsies are unique responsibility of inves tigative forensic psychologists because they are done to determine the mental state of an individual prior to their demise. Also an investigative psychologist may conduct a forensic hypnosis to aid in a witnesss or victims recall of a traumatic event. Much scrutiny surrounds the use of forensic hypnosis as well as criminal profiling. Despite the glamorous appeal profiling has shown on various TV shows and movies, it is not a widely accepted practice. There are several concerns that cause profiling to be a very controversial issue. From the lack of research supporting its reliability and validity (Mcgrath, 2000), to the belief that profilers are creating opinions based on gut feelings (Bartol Bartol, 2008), and its inability to meet the basic expert witness standards sought under the section of the Federal Rule of Evidence 702 that states the testimony [of an expert] is based upon sufficient facts or data, . . . is the product of reliable principles and methods, and the witness has applied the principles and methods reliably to the facts of the case (Alison, Bennell, Ormerod, Mokros, 2002). This brings about ethical challenges because forensic psychologists are obligated to provide services that are consistent with the highest standards of the profession (Committee on Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychologist s, 1991, p. 657). As Alison, et al. (2002) assert, the methods used for profiling result from an understanding of personality and trait approach that is both naÑ-ve and outdated. Many researchers suggest that psychologists should be cautious about using profiling in criminal investigations (Bartol Bartol, 2008; Alison, et al., 2002), but if it must be done, appropriate steps should be taken to base their opinion on current empirical evidence that is available and not just on gut feelings (Torres, Boccaccini, Miller, 2006). As of today, there is still a need for research to support the use of profiling. Pretrial identification methods is another area of ethical concern for psychologists because of its vulnerability to bias and error. Many police agencies use lineups and photospreads to help witnesses identify a suspect. The issue of bias arises when either the investigator or administrator make suggestions or subtle innuendos about who the suspect is. In a study conducted by Greathouse Kovera (2009) it was found that in situations where the administrator of the lineup and photospread knew who the suspect was, the witness was more likely to correctly identify them as oppose to situations where neither the administrator nor the witness knew the suspect. To resolve an ethical dilemma of this type, it is recommended that those administering the lineup and photospread should not have knowledge of who the suspect is (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Correctional In 2005 nearly half of the inmate population in prisons and jails reported having a mental health problem (James Glaze, 2006). With such a rise in the number of mentally ill inmates, the prison system may now be the nations largest provider for this special population (Fellner, 2006). Rising numbers indicate there is an even greater need for forensic psychologists working in the prison systems today. The role of a forensic psychologist is that of assessor and treatment provider. Within these roles, forensic psychologists are responsible for coordinating and ensuring the mental health programs are running properly, supervising the employees assigned to these programs, and administering mental health services to the inmates that need it. The forensic psychologist also functions as a trainer for the staff and screens the staff that will be working with inmates in special mental health units and step up to help in crisis situations (Magaletta Verdeyen, 2005; International Association f or Correctional and Forensic Psychology, 2010). Working in correctional facilities can be very challenging for the forensic psychologists. The work environment is no way comparable to the application of psychology in the community or private setting. There are various risks and safety issues when dealing with criminals in this type of setting such as dual roles. The Standards for psychology services in jails, prisons, correctional facilities, and agencies address this issue by stating Mental health services staff do not assume a dual role that overlaps with other functions and services (e.g., security) of the correctional agency or facility that could result in unethical dual-role relationships that risk harm to their offender or inmate clients (International Association for Correctional and Forensic Psychology, 2010, p. 19). At times, a correctional psychologist may act in the role of evaluator and therapist, or even as the therapist and a stand-in correctional officer. In some correctional facilities the expectation is that a psychologist is a correctional officer before any other role, thereby making it a responsibility of the psychologist to aid in doing a count of the inmates, conducting searches of an inmates cell and person, supervise inmates, and escort inmates to segregated areas (Bonner Vandecreek, 2006). Dual roles of this type create mistrust between the inmate and the psychologist because the psychologist is now viewed as another correctional officer and not someone there for the interests of the inmate. In order to eliminate the potential of dual roles, the psychologist should request in writing that they should only be assigned to duties that align with their particular profession and ethical standards (Bonner Vandecreek, 2006). A second ethical challenge for psychologists is avoiding situations that would intentionally cause harm to their client. The conditions of prison are not necessarily adequate for those suffering from mental illness, and many times many of them go undertreated (Fellner, 2006). The prison walls are riddled with too many inmates, violence, and victimization by other inmates and the staff (Bartol Barto, 2008).It is the responsibility of the psychologist to maintain their position as an advocate for their client and not as an additional perpetrator of their rights but this is challenging when jail and prison conditions prevent effective treatment. The IACFP (2010) contend that Offenders are incarcerated as punishment, not for punishment (p. 759). Participating in or allowing the inhumane treatment of inmates, mentally ill or not, goes against the standards for psychologists in this subspecialty. Unfortunately, psychologists may be harming unintentionally causing harm by not provided the adequate treatment needed. The climate of the prison environment will take several steps in order to see a change, but there are things a psychologist can do to resolve some of these issues. It is important that the psychologist does not fall into the same mentality of a correctional officer and participate in activities that are intended to do harm. The IACFP (2010) suggest that psychologists should avoid any delays when a request has been made for mental health services; avoid imposing any biases or beliefs on or towards inmates; meet the requirements of due process; practice within ones personal scope of competency; and continuously advocate for better mental health services in jails and prison. One controversial issue that surrounds the treatment of mentally ill inmates is their segregation from the general population. In the case if Perri v. Coughlin (1999) a severely disordered inmate was kept in an observational where an inmate is stripped of their clothes and placed in a cell for their protectionfor a total of 108 days without any treatment. Another issue is although inmates have the right to refuse treatment, they can be forced to do so if it is determined that they are severely disordered and cause a threat to themselves and others which was argued in the case of Washington v. Harper (1990). Forced consent to treatment stirs up controversy for psychologists because inmates may only consent to treatment for fear of privileges being taken away, such as in the case of McKune v. Lile (2002). Despite the controversies that come about it the correctional system, the research focus has been on reducing recidivism and increasing rehabilitation. Police The final subspecialty of forensic psychology to be discussed is police psychology. Police psychology is the application of psychological principles to the profession of law enforcement and public safety (Bartol Bartol, 2008). As a police psychologist the primary role is to provide psychological services to law enforcement either through counseling, employee screenings, fitness-for-duty evaluations, assessment of incidents requiring deadly force, crisis counseling, and special unit evaluations (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Police psychologists assist with the special units of police agencies including, SWAT, hostage negotiations, and victims response. Just as with all the other areas forensic psychologists team up with, there are a few ethical issues that emerge. Conflicts between agency requirements and the ethical standards of the psychologist can pose a serious ethical dilemma when working with police agencies. Two ethical challenges in particular are the interrogation methods of some police agencies that lead to false confessions. Leo Ofshe (1998) assert that false confessions are a result overzealous police officers who are so eager to arrest a suspect that they tend to overlook evidence that may point towards the individuals innocence. Some tactics police may use to gain these confessions are deprivation, humiliation, or manipulation (Bartol Bartol, 2008). These actions cause problems for psychologists because they position is to advocate for human rights, when these actions can be viewed as violations of these rights. When psychologists are caught in situations that cause ethical conflicts they must abstain from taking part in those behaviors. It is at the discretion of the individual psychologist whether they wish to continue consul ting with police agencies that practice abusive interrogation techniques (APA, 2007). If they decide to continue their work, psychologist should consult with police on interrogation strategies that will not impede on an individuals human rights and decrease the likelihood of a false confession. Interrogation tactics have begun to come into the lime light with Americas War on Terrorism. But before then there was focus on another controversial issue, excessive force. Excessive force has been a controversial issue for decades. Many Civil Rights protesters can probably recount various incidents when they were victims of police excessive force. However the most striking case of our time dealing with police excessive force is that of Rodney King in 1991. Surrounding the issue of excessive force is also deadly force, although its occurrence is not frequent. With both of these issues, psychologists may be asked to conduct fitness-for-duty evaluations to determine the officers ability to carry out their required duties (Bartol Bartol, 2008). A plethora of research is available for the subspecialty of police psychology. Topics range from cultural competency, dealing with the mentally ill, on the job stress, excessive force, employment screening, and community relations. As the research in this area progresses, enhancements can be made to the types of treatment psychologists offer. Conclusion The field of forensic psychology encompasses a wide range of roles and responsibilities; with various contributions to the fields of law and psychology. In its short existence there have been tremendous gains in research and practical applications. As the profession of forensic psychology grows in popularity among the public, there is sure to be greater strides in the collaboration of psychology and law.

Integration of Evidence-Based Practice Into Professional Nursing Practice Essay

In this paper we will discuss the integration of evidence based practice into professional nursing practice. Scott & McSherry (2008) define evidence based practice as the combination of individual, clinical, or professional expertise with the best available external evidence to produce practice that is most likely to lead to positive outcomes for a patient. Despite literature surrounding what evidence based nursing is and isn’t, nurses struggle to get evidence into practice. Many reasons have been reported including a lack of understanding about evidence based nursing means. Scott & McSherry (2008) also define evidence based nursing is a process by which nurses make clinical decisions using the best available research evidence, their clinical expertise and patient outcomes. We will also discuss nursing’s simultaneous reliance on and critique of EBP in the context of critical reasoning. There will also be discussion of a study done that examined the effects of integrating evidence based practice into clinical practicum among RN-BSN students and the limitations of evidence based practice and an alternate view of decision making. Lastly we will discuss evidence that challenges the traditional practice regarding injection sites (Cocoman & Murray 2010). According to Guem et al. (2010) evidenced based practice is a problem solving approach to clinical care that incorporates the conscious us of the current best available evidence, a clinician’s expertise, and the patient values. Evidence for evidence based practice does not always rely on research findings. Sources used can include research findings, clinical experience, quality improvement data, logical reasoning, recognized authority, and client satisfaction, situation, experience, and value (Leddy & Pepper 2008 p. 66). On the contrary evidence based nursing is essential because of its potential to save time and money and improve patient outcomes by decreasing costs, through standardizing and streamlining costs (Scott & McSherry 2008). It is important o understand the difference between evidence based practice and evidence based nursing because at times they are used interchangeably. Scott & McSherry (2008) state that the nursing practice has welcomed EBP but when it comes to EBN, it is still yet to come reality because the concept is much unsophisticated and can lead to problems associated with its use and misuse. EBN is merely a construct and has yet to be successfully implemented (Scott & McSherry 2008). In essence the dilemma with EBN is that we don’t really know the definition of nursing. Although there are problems with the definition we know that clinical judgment is one of the major concepts used in nursing thus it reinforces the notion of EBP and ultimately EBP. To advance the profession and ensure solid standards of practice, we should look beyond evidence based practice, while useful in implementation it is just one of many other component parts (Jutel 2008). Evidence based practice is like the new black in nursing practice and already occupies a prominent position, several international nursing organizations support its use as a strategic action in the advancement of the profession. Despite the emphasis on EBP, there is also a strong opposition to it, not with the actual use of EBP being a problem but with the fundamentals on which it stands. These arguments complain of the veracity of the criteria used in EBP which simultaneously undermines and cannot support EBP (Jutel 2008). If it had not been for the cultural turn which recognized that things are not always as they seem or that power, society, and culture contribute as much as science to generating knowledge, the debate about EBP would have never surfaced (Jutel 2008). Although nurses argue against EBP, they lack important tools necessary to replace EBP. â€Å"Nursing education places high value on authority and adherence to clinical protocols, rather than on skills† (Jutel, 2008. P. 419). Opponents of EBP suggests that development of clinical practice guidelines, critical care pathways, and protocols may actually interfere and entice practitioners to develop somewhat of a cookbook recipe attitude to client care (Leddy & Pepper 2010). With quality improvement being rooted in industrial production, perhaps standardization may not be as desirable because patients have unique needs and characteristics the may be overlooked when adhering to strict clinical practice guidelines. Nursing adopts a devoted and somewhat naive trust when assessing information, we are quick to accept the truths of a peer reviewed article, drug company propaganda, and quick to accept an argument on inconsistencies of EBP. The tools EBP claims to own, are incredibly useful, however, are not tools of EBP; they are critical skills of information appraisal. As evidence based practice rapidly replaces the traditional paradigm of healthcare decision making, health care members have an obligation to access knowledge, apply it in practice, and lead others to use it appropriately (Geum et al. 010 p. 387). For example RN-BSN programs; these are adult students who have clinical knowledge and skill, structured background and educational preparation and employment experience but have not taken a formal research course, thus they show less confidence to include evidence based practice in their practices because these are courses that are not common outside a baccalaureate curriculum. To examine the effectiveness of the integration of EBP into a clinical practicum a study was done among Korean RN-BSN students. The main goals were to enhance students’ competencies for EBP knowledge skills and attitudes and to expose students to opportunities that would encourage the use of best evidence (Geum et al. 2008). Each student was instructed to define patients nursing problems for their individually assigned patient and to formulate nursing problems using the EBP question format, PICO, which we discussed earlier in the semester, to select the nursing intervention for the problems posed. Before the EBP practicum, the overall and individual scores for EBP efficacy among RN-BSN students indicated that students were â€Å"a little confident† regarding the EBP process (Geum et al. 2008, p. 389). Results of this study indicate that integration of EBP into an RN-BSN clinical practicum had a positive effect on EBP efficacy and decreased barriers to research utilization among students in Korea, which also corroborates with studies conducted in other countries. Evidence based practice is a learned set of skills thus critical thinking is vital in developing evidence based nursing practice (Geum et al. 2008). Regardless if the evidence on complications, nurses in clinical settings still continue to use and instruct nursing students on the use of dorsogluteal injection sites as the site of choice for intramuscular injections (Cocoman & Murray 2010). So, where should an intramuscular (IM) injection be given? Nurses have traditionally used the dorsogluteal, but recent literature has advocated the ventrogluteal site. Choosing sites has been a matter of personal preference, rather than the results of evidence based practice. Slow uptake of medications, major nerves and blood vessels present make this site problematic. A British study suggests â€Å"as previous studies have shown the low efficacy of gluteal intramuscular injections, this route should be avoided for most drugs† (Cocoman & Murray, 2010. P. 1171). As the sciatic nerve lies only a few centimeters from the injection site, injuries pose a significant threat, making the need for accurately identifying landmarks especially important. An alternative site is the ventrogluteal, seen by many as the preferred site. This site provides the greatest thickness of gluteal muscle and is free from penetrating nerves and blood vessels (Cocoman & Murray 2010). Despite evidence favoring the ventrogluteal site, nurses are slow to use it, relying on the much taught and used dorsogluteal site. â€Å"Studies show that only 12% of American nursing staff uses the ventrogluteal site† (Cocoman & Murray 2010. P. 1172). Studies suggest that some reasons the site is not used is because of nurses’ unfamiliarity in locating the site and potential needle stick injury. Unfortunately, nurses have not come to realize that when using the V method, the non injecting hand is to be removed, as it’s only used for visual land marking (Cocoman & Murray 2010). Throughout this paper we have discussed the integration of evidence based practice into nursing from various articles. In the various articles the authors talked about evidence based practice compared to evidence based nursing, the integration of evidence based practice in RN-BSN programs. We also discussed the article on a clinical example which suggested that the ventrogluteal intramuscular injection site over the dorsogluteal site is preferred when it comes to positive patient outcomes.

Being a Man

Being a Man in the male perspective may be projected with ease as it seems, however, masculinity or the concept of being a man in a strict sense is a trait that has an offending nature. Much of this can be attributed to the fact that the social conditions throughout history suggest that men are commonly compelled to show their masculinity in every domain of endeavor. As such, the framework from where the concept of manliness is based has created an almost irreversible plague that has gone hand in hand with history.Manly concepts belittle the core of their female counterparts due to the fact that the masculinity rouses a sense of self-glorification. In sports, in all fields of life, men have become triumphant at the expense of women. This is because of how boys are bred and raised to become â€Å"men† (Theroux 411), up and coming men become totally obsessed with the idea of proving their manhood through their chosen field. Therefore, the enthusiastic individual will do what he deems necessary to achieve such goal.Femininity plays a vital role in belittling their sexuality because of the female species' vane nature and alertness to man's inadequacy (Theroux 411). Alfonsina Storni's blatant aversion to manliness appears to be a of how manliness is being glorified objectively over and over. It is a good argument that men and women are equal beings each with distinct qualities, and given the distinction, it is also plausible to think that both genders have their set of issues to deal with.However, social constructs, media presentations, and cultures across the world suggest that the nature of manhood demean women in every way. Superhero archetypes for instance are all modeled after men, the earliest superhero characters Superman and Batman are patterned to the typical male image. Likewise, other heroes such as Supergirl and Batgirl are female characters influenced by male characters. Masculinity is not a written law obliging every male person to conform to so ciety's traditional standards.However collective social opinion backed by media sensationalizing and cultural practice dictates the concept of manhood. Furthermore, the dictated solidarity in the concept of being a man eliminates the concept of individuality and the true precept of manliness. Works Cited Theroux, Paul. Being a Man. Reading and Writing about Gender in The World is a Text: The Writing, Reading, and Thinking About Culture and Its Contexts (2nd Edition). by

John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men - 1248 Words

In Steinbeck s novel Of Mice and Men, He uses imagery many times to create a realistic setting and plot. Steinbeck’s depiction of migrant workers and their daily complications during the depression are objectively precise due to his use of imagery with idioms, dreams, nature, loneliness and animal imagery. The main theme of the book transpires to be loneliness and fate. While George and Lennie, the main characters have a synergetic relationship, fate steps in and does away with their dreams, which were very close to be within reach. George the smallest of the two, less strong, brains of the operation. While Lennie is the giant, brawn, lug who more or less has the brain of a 5-year-old child. He relies on a sense of touch, which makes†¦show more content†¦Subsequently, since Curley has insecure feelings he mistreated her and forced her to search for someone who would give her the attention she wanted so badly, even if that destined flirting with other men. She was over looked by the farmhands and her husband and for that reason she was being forced into loneliness, the one thing she battled so hard to eliminate (Rasmussen). Lennie’s fondness for soft, furry things makes him vulnerable. He strokes her hair to the point that she becomes alarmed and panics. When she does, Lennie breaks her neck (Shumam). Candy can also be another man who is used for an example of lonely migrant workers. Loneliness affects Candy in two key ways, his old age and his disability. This makes him quite different than the young fully capable farmhands on the ranch which is ironic because he only has on hand. He performs basic task like cleaning up the ranch and sweeping. It s until Lennie and George arrives that he plays the role as the outcast. With the new addition of the duo, Candy is requested by George to accompany them in their dream ranch, but not all will bode well for the trio in the long run. Further into the story you see more of Lennie’s child side I wish we d get the rabbits pretty soon (Steinbeck 10). This is an infamous reference to the rabbits in which Lennie dreams so dearly about. The rabbits are part of LeninShow MoreRelatedJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men897 Words   |  4 Pagesthat we possess. Many people feel certain emotions based on events that have taken place in their lifetime or how they were raised throughout their childhood. In John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, he portrays the feelings of isolation and loneliness in three different characters. George’s isolation is illustrated in Steinbeck’s, Of Mice and Men. George expresses many hard feelings towards Lennie at the opening of this story. â€Å"‘...you’re a lot of trouble,’ said George. ‘I could get along so easy and soRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1243 Words   |  5 Pagesis what John Steinbeck achieves by portraying this through the characters in his novella Of Mice and Men. The main characters are affected by loneliness in their own different way throughout the novella. rf The loneliness is maintained by the challenges that the characters have to face, and they sustain those challenges of being inhumane towards each other. Crook, a figure in the story who experiences discrimination encounters the challenge of race, due to the book’s setting in the 1930’s duringRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1080 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I want you to stay with me Lennie. Jesus Christ, somebody’d shoot you for a coyote if you was by yourself.† The novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck shows the relationship between two migrant workers in the 1930s, George and Lennie, along with the other members on the new ranch that they began working on. Georgie and Lennie dreamed of following the American Dream and owning their own patch of land and the novel revolves around the dream and the obstacles that stand in their way. Lennie, a strongRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1286 Words   |  6 PagesThe realistic fiction novella O f Mice And Men by John Steinbeck explains the journey of two migrant farm workers. Lennie and George are forced to overcome the Dust Bowl and The Great Depression around 1938. This makes jobs even harder to come by because everyone wanted one. Lennie and George were kicked out of Weed and they now work at a ranch in Soledad. At the new farm the friendship between Lennie and George becomes harder to maintain. The people on the farm are all different shapes, sizes, andRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men2167 Words   |  9 Pagesjobs. In John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, George Milton and Lennie Small wander through California in search of a new job that would help them make enough money to live their American dream on â€Å"the fatta the lan’†(Steinbeck 14). George and Lennie’s hard work and determination is not enough for them to live their dream. Lennie has a mental disability that slows the two friends down from living their dream; they have to ru n from job to job because of Lennie’s unintentional actions. Steinbeck incorporatesRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1360 Words   |  6 Pagesfeeling, thinking and acting in everyday life. In the story Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, a duo of farmers, George and Lennie, search for work wherever they can. Their dream of having a farm of their own is coming into reach, while George has to wield Lennie away from the temptation of Curley’s wife and the reality of what Lennie can do. John Steinbeck uses characterization to illustrate the nature of human existence. Steinbeck portrays George as a man who tries to help, and helps others soRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1448 Words   |  6 Pages In the novella, Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck discusses the idea of loneliness and how people who work at the ranch have no family and no future in lives. He indicates that all people at the ranch are lonely, but he specifically uses a few characters to highlight their state of being lonely and more miserable than the others. He emphasizes the loneliness of ranch life during the Great Depression, and shows how people are willing to try and find friendship in order to escape from the state ofRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1205 Words   |  5 Pagesand the time period of John Steinbeck s novella, Of Mice and Men, exemplifies the idea that people from minorities are held back from achieving their version of the ‘American Dream’. This goes to prove not everyone will overcome the overbearing tidal waves of their hardship s, which makes the American Dream nothing more than a dream to them. Crooks, the black stable hand, faces discrimination due to his skin color as this unfortunately was common in the 1930’s. John Steinbeck uses Crooks’ situationRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men968 Words   |  4 PagesSolidifying the theme of John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, the protagonist George expresses his significant loneliness despite a strong kinship with his friend Lennie, â€Å"’I ain’t got no people†¦ I seen the guys that go around the ranches alone. That ain’t no good’† (41). Published in 1937, amidst the horrific turmoil of the Great Depression, Steinbeck’s novella struck a sensitive chord with readers. Set in the heart of California’s Central Valley, this story follows two men, George and Lennie, as theyRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1387 Words   |  6 Pageslanguage. Soledad is also town in which Of Mice Men takes place. The entire novel displays the idea of solitude. Alon g with the presence of loneliness in this story, John Steinbeck also ties in the idea of companionship through the everyday lives of individuals. The correlation of loneliness and companionship in the lives of these characters, along with the diversion of lifestyles consistently shows. Of all the many themes of the book, Of Mice and Men, the most important theme is the theme of loneliness